Yes. None of the parts in the olfactometer head are made of magnetic materials so that MRI tests can be carried out without any problems. Experience shows that a longer tube is required (OM2-6b) in this case, because the olfactometer cannot be positioned in the scanner room. A corresponding large opening in the scanner room is required (min. 100 mm in diameter).

Only to a limited extent. The longer the tube, the flatter the stimulus flank. A steep stimulus flank is important for EEG tests so that the largest possible number of neurons can react, producing a correspondingly strong signal. For a 10 m connection tube, the signal/noise ratio of the stimulus answers is usually so low that a very large number of measurements is required in order to obtain average values which show any readings at all. It is therefore advisable to use the shortest possible tube for these tests (3 m or less).

Normally the test involves 15 stimuli for each odorant or concentration with a minim time of 40 s between stimuli (to avoid adaptation), resulting altogether in approx. 10 minutes per testing time per odorant or concentration. It can take about half an hour to prepare the device and patient. The device should be allowed to warm up first and to run dry for at least 10 minutes after the test.

Please check whether all emergency stop buttons have been pulled out, that the power supply is connected up, the standby switch is off (only OM2s) and that the start button has been pressed.

Any non-toxic odorants in liquid or gaseous form can be used. But certain substances are highly detrimental to the service life of the wear parts trigger valve and/or MFR for ME in time. This includes e.g. substances which are crystalline in their original state (e.g. vanillin or menthol), which can crystallise above all in the trigger valve. Organic substances (e.g. acetic acid) can also cause problems with corrosion. Certain substances can also corrode the O-rings. Please contact us if in any doubt.

Normal liquid odorants are above all 2-phenyl ethyl alcohol (2 phenyl ethanol, PEA) together with isoamyl acetate and linalool. H2S (hydrogen sulphide) is used as gaseous odorant. In high concentrations, H2S is highly toxic and must only be connected to the olfactometer in highly diluted form. In normal practice, a gas bottle with 10 to 40 ppm H2S in pure nitrogen is used. CO2 (in pure undiluted form) is popular as a pain stimulus.

Yes. CO2 is purely trigeminal and H2S and vanillin are purely olfactory. Caution, H2S must be prediluted before being used (normally 10 to 40 ppm in nitrogen!) Other substances can have both a trigeminal and an olfactory share, depending on the concentration.

The module must be taken out of the device and cleaned thoroughly. It is even better to order a new module. The odorant is also in the feed hose so that this must also be replaced.

No, the gases known to us CO2 (pure) and H2S (up to 40 ppm in nitrogen) do not leave any residues. If you want to use other gases, please contact us if in any doubt.

No

Yes, because otherwise the head and other feed tubes can become contaminated. For longer standstill periods, see next question.

For a longer standstill period, any remaining water in the humidifier modules can putrefy. This is why the device has to be prepared for a longer standstill period: the humidifier modules have to be dismantled, the base removed and the modules stored in open state. The same applies to the odorant modules. If the switching device is also taken off, then the standby pump does not have to be left running.

As a rule, the silica gel should always be replaced when it has lost its colour completely. But this does not mean that the experiment has to be aborted immediately. The remaining capacity of the gel is normally sufficient until the end of the test.

No, it can be dried in a fan-assisted oven at approx. 90°C. The drying time depends on the moisture level of the gel. The best indicator for dryness is when the colour of the gel returns.

This depends on the type. OM2 and OM4 can be upgraded to an OM6 with 6 odorants. An OM4 or an OM6 can be upgraded to an OM4b or OM6b for bi-rhinal operation. An OM2s cannot be upgraded. An OM i/m can be upgraded to take up to eight odorants, but it still remains an OM i/m.

The cause is usually poor contact between the electrode and the scalp. The best solution is to clean the scalp again thoroughly and to check the reference electrodes.

You normally can't see anything before the signals have been evaluated and averaged with EPEvaluate. If you use Eyeblink Control electrodes (position FP1 or PF2), you will clearly see the eye blink movements because these are many times stronger than the OEPs.

As a rule we say 15 measurements when the patient blinks on a average level. The measurements with blinking artefacts are rejected (normally about 1/3), the remaining are usually adequate to make a statement about potential.

The shelf life for the Screening 12 Test is twelve months from the date of manufacture.

The shelf life for the extended test is six months from the date of manufacture.

The shelf life of the flavour atomisers is six months.

The shelf life of the Taste strips is six months.

The Taste strips have only been developed for single use.

The taste atomisers each contain 10 ml taste solution. This is suitable for approx. 200 spray squirts.

The complete Screening 12 Test contains the operating manual, the pen holder and the multiple choice forms. The 12 Sniffin' Sticks only contain the 12 sticks.

The screening 12 Test is adequate for the ENT specialist or neurologist in private practice or for the general practitioner. The extended test is suitable for use in the clinic (ENT, neurology, psychiatry, internal medicine, etc.). The extended test can also be used to produce expert reports.

The test lasts 30 - 40 minutes.

The test lasts 3 – 4 minutes.

The Sniffin' Sticks only contain food products or cosmetic odorants. They do not pose any health hazard.

The delivery time is approx. 14 days after receiving the purchase order.

Yes, either you can order individual Sniffin' Sticks from a certain test, or one individual Sniffin' Stick with a certain filling and coloured caps.

No, the Sniffin' Sticks and taste atomisers cannot be refilled: they can be disposed of simply with the remaining household waste.